VOA慢速英语:3-D Technology Saves Lives

Three-dimensional technology -- known as three-D -- gives depth to objects that would otherwise appear two-dimensional, or flat. Three-D makes movies and video games look more realistic. And now it could help save lives.
三维技术，也被称为3D能够给出物体的厚度，如果没有三维技术，就只能显示出二维或平面图像。3D技术使得电影和视频游戏看上去更为逼真。而现在它还可以帮助挽救生命。

For years, mammograms have played an important role in finding breast cancer. But these X-ray pictures of the human breast often miss dangerous lumps or tumors.
多年来，乳房X光检查在发现乳腺癌方面起到重要作用。但这些人类乳房的X射线图像常常会错过危险的肿块或肿瘤。

And they also produce false positives. A false positive wrongly appears to show suspicious tissue. And that causes painful, unnecessary biopsies to examine that tissue.
而且它们也会发生误报。误报会错误地显示可疑组织。而这会导致痛苦、不必要的活组织切片检查，以复查该可疑组织。

A new study shows that three-D technology could change the way doctors look for breast cancer.
一项新的研究表明，3D技术可以改变医生发现乳腺癌的方式。

When Zulima Palacio discovered she had breast cancer, it already had reached stage three. That means that the cancer was very dangerous.
当Zulima Palacio发现自己患上乳腺癌时，它已经发展到了第三阶段。这意味着该肿瘤已经非常危险。

"Even a month before it was detected, I went for a sonogram and they told me, 'You're fine, go home.'"
“甚至在发现癌肿前一个月，我做乳房X光检查的时候，他们还说，你没事，回家吧。”

Ms. Palacio is now cancer free. But the standard two-dimensional mammogram missed all three of her tumors.
Palacio女士现在摆脱了癌症。但这种标准二维乳房X光检查未能发现她所有三个肿瘤。

Many doctors - including cancer surgeon Negar Golesorkhi - say standard mammography does not find enough cancerous tumors. She says looking for cancer in dense, thick breast tissue is like looking for a polar bear in a snow storm. In other words, it is very difficult.
包括肿瘤外科医生Negar Golesorkhi在内的许多医生都称，标准乳房X光检查未能发现足够的癌变肿瘤。她说在乳房密质组织寻找肿瘤，就像是在暴风雪中寻找一头北极熊，换句话说，这非常困难。”

"When we look for cancer on a mammogram in a dense breast tissue, we're looking for a polar bear in a snow storm, so it would be very difficult to find."
“当我们通过乳房X光检查在乳房密质组织中寻找肿瘤，就像是在暴风雪中寻找一头北极熊，因此要找到非常困难。”

A few years ago, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the use of three-D mammography. And three-D technology found Jennifer Hoeft's tumor.
几年前，美国食品和药品管理局批准了3D乳房X光检查的应用。而3D技术发现了Jennifer Hoeft的肿瘤。

"It was a very small tumor. It was only an 8 millimeter tumor that couldn't be felt."
“这是一个非常小的肿瘤，只有8毫米大小，无法被察觉。”

Sarah Friedewald is a doctor at Lutheran General Hospital in the U.S. state of Illinois. She led a study to compare the results of three-D and two-D mammography from nearly a half million patients.
Sarah Friedewald是美国伊利诺伊州路德总医院的一位医生。她领导一项研究比较了近50万患者的3D和2D乳房X光检查的结果。

Dr. Friedewald says they found more cancers using three-D mammograms versus, or compared to, two-D mammograms. And they found more cancers that kill.
Friedewald医生称，与2D乳房X光检查相比，他们采用3D乳房X光检查发现了更多肿瘤。而且他们发现了更多致命肿瘤。

"We found invasive cancers or the cancers that we worry about, the ones that could potentially kill people more frequently in women who had the 3-D mammogram versus the women who just had the 2-D mammogram."
“与只做了2D乳房X光检查的妇女相比，我们在做了3D乳房X光检查的妇女中更频繁地发现浸润性肿瘤或我们担心的肿瘤，这些肿瘤可能会致人死亡。”

Dr. Friedewald says tumors that are difficult to see on a standard mammogram are easy to find in 3 dimensions.
Friedewald医生称，在标准乳房X光检查中很难看到的肿瘤可以在3D中轻易找到。

Jennifer Hoeft is grateful that she had three-D mammography.
Jennifer Hoeft很庆幸自己做了3D乳房X光检查。

"I truly, truly believe that the 3-D mammography is what caught my cancer early and is allowing me to pretty much live my life the way I want to."
“我真的，真的相信是3D乳房X光检查提早发现了我的癌症，并让我能够过上自己想要的生活。”