和谐英语

新概念英语第一册课文和笔记:第27课

2011-08-08来源:和谐英语

Lesson 80 I must go to the … 我必须去

 

grocer's/groceries/cheese/eggs/butter/honey/jam/biscuit

 

to 的用法

1 介词,后跟名词或代词,动词的ing形式

2 动词不定式,后跟动词的原形

 1)动词 + to + 动词原形

  2)动词 + 人 + to + 动词原形

I want/ go to school

I want to go to school.

动词不定式是由动词构成的语法术语,结构是 to + 动词原形

some of them

一般情况下,介词和动词后跟宾语(即名词或代词)

I want an apple.

I want her.

I want to eat an apple./to eat an apple 做宾语

动词不定式在句子中除了谓语不能做外,可以做其它的各种成分。

I want her to eat an apple./ to eat an apple 做宾语补足语

P163

I must go to the grocer's to get some groceries.(目的状语)

greengrocer's/fruit/vegetables

pears/oranges/bananas/beans/peas/cabbages

butcher's/meat/lamb/beef/steak/mince/chicken

newsagent's/stationery/glue/envelopes/writing paper/newspapers/magazines

baker's/bread/cakes/chemist's/aspirins/Medicine

 

[词汇]

groceries n. 食品杂货

fruit n. 水果

stationery n. 文具

newsagent n. 报刊零售人

chemist n. 化学家

 

Exercise B

Have you got any cheese? (grocer's)

I need a lot of cheese. I haven't got much.

I must go to the grocer's to get some cheese.

Has he got any envelopes? (newsagent's)

He need a lot of envelopes. He hasn't got many.

He must go to the newsagent's to get some envelopes.

 

Lesson 79 Carol's shopping list

 

need

needn't 实义动词/情态动词

need 做实义动词时,可以加s/ed

needs/needed

need 做情态动词时,没有时态,人称,数格的变化,可以直接加否定形式。不能单独做谓语,后边加动词原形。

1 need + to + 动词原形 -> need 是实义动词

2 need + 动词原形 -> need 是情态动词

I want an apple.

The children need milk.

加 do/ don't 构成否定或疑问形式。

The children don't need milk.

Do the children need milk?

What do the children need?

What do you need?

What does the girl need?

What do we need?

We need a lot of things.

She needs a house.

She doesn't need a house.

Does she need a house?

What does she need?

1 在肯定句中,need不可以象 I can go Home.中的can的用法一样在肯定句中直接做情态动词,而是做实义动词。

I need to go Home.

在肯定句中,need后只跟动词不定式,不跟动词原形。

而在否定句和疑问句中,情况就不是这样了。

I needn't study. (need 情态动词)

I don't need to study. (need 实义动词)

Need you study? (need 情态动词)

Do you need to study? (need 实义动词)

 

hope 可以做名词或动词

Where there is life, there is hope.[留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。]

hope 做动词时,可用作:

1 hope to do sth.

2 hope that

I hope to study abroad next year.

I hope that I/you study abroad next year.

hopeful/hopeless

shopping list

 

关于英语学习的若干指导:

1 慎重选择口语班

2 认真学好语法

 

[词汇·略]

 

make a shopping list

hope to do

 

have 有

have got/has got

在1 过去时 2 重复的动作,在这两种情况下,have got/has got 不能代替have

I had a cold yesterday.

She always has a headache.

I have got a lot of friends.

haven't

I haven't got a lot of friends.

a lot of 后可以跟可数名词,也可以跟不可数名词

I have got a lot of money.

在否定句和疑问句中,a lot of 后如果跟可数名词,则a lot of 换成many; a lot of 后如果跟不可数名词,则a lot of 换成much.

I have many friends.(错误,一般不这样说)

many/much

Have you got many friends?

Have you got much money?

I haven't got much money either.

 

[课文]

What are you doing, Carol?

I'm making a shopping list, Tom.

What do we need?

We need a lot of thing this week.

I must go to the grocer's.

We haven't got much tea or Coffee, and we haven't got any sugar or jam.

What about vegetables?

I must go to the greengrocer's.

We haven't got many tomatoes, but we've got a lot of potatoes.

I must go to the butcher's, too.

We need some meat.

We haven't got any meat at all.. ->not at all

Have we got any beer and wine?

And I'm not going to get any!

I hope that you've got some money.

I haven't got much.

Well, I haven't got much either!

 

Carol is making a shopping list.

What do we need?

We need a lot of things this week.

What does Carol need?

I must go to the grocer's.

We haven't got much tea or Coffee, and we haven't got any sugar or jam.

I must go to the greengrocer's.

We haven't got many potatoes, but we've got a lot of tomatoes.

I've/ we've/ they've/ she's/ he's

I must go to the butcher's.

We need some meat.

We haven't got any meat at all.

I hope that you've got some money.

I haven't got much.

I haven't got much either!