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新概念英语第四册自学导读:四:第五课青年(上)

2011-10-29来源:和谐英语

Lesson 5 Youth
第五课青年


by FIELDEN HUGHES
from Out of the Air, The Listener


5-1. People are always talking about 'the problem of youth'.


【译文】人们总是在谈论“青年问题”。


5-2. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt—then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves.


【译文】假如确有这个问题的话——我冒昧对此表示怀疑——那么这个问题是由老年人而非青年人臆造的。


【讲解】 if there is one中的one指a problem of youth。which I take leave to doubt系插入语。the young意为“年轻人”。the+形容词表示具有某种性质的一类人。


【单词和短语】


take leave to do sth.:冒昧做某事,擅自做某事。


5-3. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings—people just like their elders.


【译文】让我们来认真研究一些基本事实:承认青年和他们的长辈一样终究也是人。


【讲解】people just like their elders作the young的同位语,对其进一步解说。


【单词和短语】


fundamentals:基本原则(或原理),根本法则(或规律);基础。

例如:
master the fundamentals of a trade 掌握某行业的基本规律


5-4. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.


【译文】老年人和年轻人只有一个区别:青年人有光辉灿烂的前景,而老年人的辉煌已成为过去。问题的症结恐怕就在于此。


【讲解】a young one中one替代man以避免重复。关于句中的两个冒号,前一个介绍difference的同位语,后一个引出说明性内容。


【单词和短语】


the rub:困难,障碍。

例如:
There’s the rub. 难就难在这儿。
We’d like to travel, but the rub is that we have no money.
我们喜欢旅行,问题是没有钱。


5-5. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain—that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem.


【译文】我十几岁时,总觉得自己年轻,懵懵懂懂——我感到我就像一所大学校里的新生,假如我当时真的极为有趣地被人看作是个问题,我真会感到非常得意。


【讲解】that I was a new…problem作felt的宾语,破折号表示引出被强调的部分。

请注意句中的暗喻(metaphor)修辞手法,作者把社会比作a huge school,把自己比作a new boy。I would have been very pleased是表示与过于事实不符的虚拟结构。to be regarded as…a problem相当于if anyone regarded me as…a problem,表示条件,作原因状语,修饰pleased。汉语的条件句一般位于主句之前,所以这里的to be regarded as…a problem译成汉语时应前移。so interesting as a problem作something的定语。


【单词和短语】


uncertain的名词形式是uncertainty。


5-6. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking.


【译文】因为这至少使我具有某种个性,这正是年轻人孜孜以求的事情之一。


【讲解】that指being a problem gives you a certain identity。


【单词和短语】


identity:个性,特性(the qualities and attitudes that a person or group of people have, that make them different from other people),

例如:


The planners decided to enlarge the four villages and preserve their distinct identities.
设计者们决定扩大这4个村庄并保留它们各自的特色。


The struggle of people in that area to maintain their own identities is continuing.
那地区人民维护自身独特性的斗争仍在继续。


5-7. I find young people exciting.


【译文】我觉得年轻人令人振奋。