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新概念英语第四册自学导读:第九课王室谍报活动(中)

2011-10-31来源:和谐英语

9-7. He noticed at once that discipline was slack: the Danes had the self-confidence of conquerors, and their security precautions were casual.


【译文】他立刻发现丹麦侵略军纪律松懈:丹麦人以征服者自居,安全措施松弛。


【讲解】slack后的冒号引出说明解释性内容。


【单词和短语】


slack:懈怠的,松懈的;疏忽的;马虎的(not taking enough care or making enough effort to do things correctly),

例如:
slack supervision 监督不严
Security’s got a bit slack. 安全问题有些放松。


9-8. They lived well, on the proceeds of raids on neighbouring regions.


【译文】他们靠袭击附近地区、掠夺财物过着舒适的生活。


【讲解】句中的第一个on与live搭配使用,live on…意为“靠……生活”。因为well与on…regions并列作状语,所以用逗号隔开。句中的第二个on是与raid搭配在一起的,意为“袭击”。


【单词和短语】


proceeds:(从事某种活动或变卖财物等的)收入,收益(the money that is obtained from doing something or selling something),

例如:
The proceeds from the school play will be used to buy a new curtain.
学校演剧的收入将用于购买一幅新的舞台幕布。


They are reaping proceeds when the cattle are sold.
卖了那些牲口他们就可以获得收益了。


9-9. There they collected women as well as food and drink, and a life of ease had made them soft.


【译文】这些入侵者在那里不但搜刮吃喝,而且掳掠妇女,这种安逸的生活令他们萎靡不振。


【讲解】句中as well as的侧重点在它前面的women。在用“不但……而且……”或“……还……”翻译as well as时,因为汉语的侧重点是在后面的“而且”、“还”,而作in addition to解的as well as的重点则在它前面的词语,所以汉译时必须颠倒原文as well as连接的前后词语的次序。


【单词和短语】


soft:轻松的;舒服的,舒适的(not very brave and not having a strong character)。


9-10. Alfred stayed in the camp a week before he returned to Athelney.


【译文】阿尔弗雷德在敌营呆了一周后回到了阿塞尔纳。


9-11. The force there assembled was trivial compared with the Danish horde.


【译文】他集结在那里的军队和丹麦大军相比微不足道。


【讲解】there assembled是过去分词短语,作the force的定语,there指Athelney。compared with the Danish horde作状语,修饰was trivial。


【单词和短语】


trivial:琐碎的;不重要的,无价值的(not serious, important, or valuable),

例如:
trivial matters 琐事


a trivial offence 小过失


trivial formalities 繁文缛节


put the trivial above the important 本末倒置


consider sth. trivial 认为某事无关紧要


raise trivial objections 提出无关紧要的反对


trivial的名词形式为triviality。


9-12. But Alfred had deduced that the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle: and that their commissariat had no organization, but depended on irregular raids.


【译文】然而,阿尔弗雷德推断出丹麦人已不再适合持久战:他们的军需供应处于无组织状态,仅是靠临时抢夺来维持。


【讲解】and that their commissariat…irregular raids作deduced的宾语。同时对the Danes were no longer fit for prolonged battle进一步解说,所以battle后有冒号。depended前的but意为“仅仅,只有”。


【单词和短语】


irregular:不规则的,无规律的;不合常规的;不稳定的(not happening at times that are an equal distance from each other),

例如:
an irregular pattern 不规则轨迹


an irregular heartbeat 不齐的心律


be irregular in one’s attendance 不时缺席