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新概念英语第四册自学导读:四:第十课硅谷(上)

2011-11-01来源:和谐英语

Lesson 10 Silicon valley
第十课硅谷


from US NEWS AND WORLD REPORT, October 2,1989


10-1. Technology trends may push Silicon Valley back to the future.


【译文】技术的发展趋势有可能把硅谷重新推向未来。


10-2. Carver Mead, a pioneer in integrated circuits and a professor of computer science at the California Institute of Technology, notes there are now work-stations that enable engineers to design, test and produce chips right on their desks, much the way an editor creates a newsletter on a Macintosh.


【译文】集成电路先驱、加州理工学院计算机教授卡弗.米德注意到,现在有些计算机工作站使工程技术人员可以在他们的办公桌上设计、试验和生产芯片,如某编辑在苹果机上编出时事通讯一样。


【讲解】a pioneer in integrated circuits和a professor of…Technology并列作Carver Mead的同位语。enable engineers to …desks为定语从句,修饰work-stations。much the way an editor creates a newsletter on a Macintosh中the way前省略了介词in,整个短语在句中作方式状语。在非正式文体中,in the way中的介词in 通常被省略,

例如:
You’re doing it (in)the wrong way.
你做这件事的方法不对。


Do it(in)any way you like.
你想怎么做就怎样做。


an editor creates a newsletter on a Macintosh为定语从句,修饰the way,其前省略了that。在非正式文体中,that通常被用来代替the way后的in which或by which,但that也常常省略,

例如:
I don’t like the way (that)you talk to me.
我可不喜欢你同我谈话的方式。


Let’s go the way(that)we went yesterday.
让我们走我们昨天走的那条路吧。


10-3. As the time and cost of making a chip drop to a few days and a few hundred dollars, engineers may soon be free to let their imaginations soar without being penalized by expensive failures.


【译文】由于制造一块芯片的时间已缩短至几天,费用也仅有数百美元,因此工程技术人员可能很快就可充分发挥他们的想象力,而不会因失败而造成经济上的重大损失。


【讲解】as为从属连词,引导原因状语从句,但意为“因为、由于”。


【单词和短语】


penalize:使处于不利地位(subject to a penalty; subject to some comparative disadvantage),妨碍,

例如:
Such a systempenalized the poor. 这种制度妨碍了穷人的利益。


It would be unfair to penalize those without a job.
失业人员待遇低下是不公平的。


10-4. Mead predicts that inventors will be able to perfect powerful customized chips over a weekend at the office—spawning a new generation of garage start-ups and giving the U.S. a jump on its foreign rivals in getting new products to market fast.


【译文】米德预言发明者可以在办公室用一个周末的时间生产完美的、功能强大的、按客户需求设计的芯片——造就新一代从汽车间起家的技术人员,在把产品推向市场方面使美国把它的外国对手打个措手不及。


【讲解】破折号后并列的两个现在分词短语spawning…garage start-ups和 giving the U.S.…market fast为结果状语,作为引导的宾语从句中inventors will be…at the office所产生的结果。


【单词和短语】


spawn:大量产生(to make a series of things happen or start to exist),

例如:
Bureaucracy spawns many rules that complicate our life.
官僚主义产生了许多使我们生活复杂化的条条框框。


10-5. 'We're got more garages with smart people,' Mead observes. 'We really thrive on anarchy.'


【译文】“我们有更多的汽车间,那里有许多聪明人,”米德说。“我们确实是靠这种无政府状态发展起来的。”


【单词和短语】


thrive on:兴旺发达,繁荣;旺盛(to enjoy or be successful in a particular situation, especially one that other people find difficult or unpleasant),

例如:
Challenge is something we Americans thrive on.
挑战是我们美国人赖以兴盛的奥秘。


He’s the sort of person who thrives on hard work.
他是苦干有成的那种人。


10-6. And on Asians.


【译文】靠的是亚洲人。


【讲解】本句是省略句,也可将该句视为上一句的继续。We really thrive on anarchy.是Mead的观点,本句表达出本文作者不但赞成Mead的观点,还补充了自己的观点。作者另起一段以示对自己观点的强调。