定语从句之专题一:从定语从句原理可以推导出定语从句的绝大部分规则

分组对比练习

题组15（把定语从句还原为简单句，并以此确定其引导词）

1.This is the school____I once studied.

2. This is the school____is the most famous the city.

3. I am studied at a school____my father teaches English.

还原为陈述句：I once studied at the school.  The school is the most famous in the city.  My school teaches English at the school. 根据对划线部分提问的规则，第1和3小题填where，第2小题填写that/which。

题组16（引导词作主语时，定语从句中谓语的数）

1. She is one of the few girls who _____ in the kindergarten. (1994,上海)

A. is well paid   B.are well paid   C.is paying well   D.are paying well 

分析：one of+名词复数+who+谓语复数。选B

2. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who _____ evening dress.(2010,全国Ⅱ)

A. wear   B. wears   C. has worn   D. have worn

分析：the only one of +名词复数+who+谓语单数。选B。

三. 如何确定“介词+which/whom定从”中的介词呢？

如何确定“介词+which/whom定从”中的介词呢？应该把“介词+which/whom”还原到定语从句中，以便选择介词。具体讲有两种方法：根据先行词选择介词，根据从句动词选择介词。

①根据先行词确定介词，即，介词+名词，构成介词短语。如，

●This is the city in which I lived.（I lived in the city→I lived in which→in which I lived）

●The pen with which she wrote the letter is lost.（she wrote the letter with the pen→she wrote the letter with which→with which she wrote the letter）

注意：“复合介词+which”引导的定语从句，常用倒装语序。（此时从句与主句之间用逗号隔开）。如，The old man lived in a small house, in front of which stood a tall tree.（可参看第十二章“倒装”）

②根据动词确定介词，即，动词+介词，构成动介短语。如，

●In the dark street, there wasn’t a person to whom she could turn for help.

在黑暗的街道上，她没有一个可以求助的人。（turn to a single person→turn to whom）

●The woman about whom I talked at the meeting comes from Beijing.

我在会议上谈到的那位女士来自北京。（talk about the woman→talk about whom）

注意：动介短语的固定搭配，介词不能提到句首，只能待在原地。如，

This is the pen which/that I’m looking for.（√）。This is the pen for which I’m looking.（×）