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slow up和slow down是同义词还是反义词

2016-12-02来源:和谐英语

slow upslow down是同义词还是反义词

一、先测测你是否会想当然

1. 请先观察以下短语,这几组短语至少在表示某一意思时它们是反义词:

(1) up 与 down 是一对反义词,前者表示“向上”,后者表示“向下”。如:

He continued to jump up and down like a boy at a football match. 他不停地上蹿下跳,活像个足球赛中的男孩。

Aircraft can avoid each other by going up and down, as well as by altering course to left or right. 飞机可以通过上下升降和左右移动改变航线来避免相撞。

(2) upstairs 与 downstairs是一对反义词,前者表示“楼上”,后者表示“楼下”。如:

The bedrooms are upstairs and the dining-room is downstairs. 寝室在楼上,餐厅在楼下。

(3) go up 与 go down 是一对反义词,前者表示“上升”,后者表示“下降”。如:

The incomes of skilled workers went up. Meanwhile, unskilled workers saw their earnings go down. 熟练工的收入上升了,而与此同时,不熟练工发现他们的收入下降了。

(4) turn up 与 turn down 是一对反义词,前者表示“开大音量”,后者表示“关小音量”。如:

The baby fell asleep, so I asked him to turn the TV down, but a few minutes later he turned it up again. 宝宝睡着了,所以我叫他把电视机音量调小些,但是没过几分钟他又把音量调大了。

▲请从所给的四个选项中选择一个最佳答案填空:

slow up 与 slow down 是一对 ________。

A. 同义词     B. 反义词      C. 无关词      D. 互补词

【测试结果】如果你选择的答案是“反义词”,你就错了,正确答案是填“同义词”。尽管up和down是一对反义词,并且确实也有不少含有up和down的短语也是反义词,但是,slow up和slow down却是一对同义词。

二、相关词和短语的用法说明

slow up和slow down均表示“变缓”“变慢”“减速”等,从使用的广泛性来看,slow down比slow up用得更多、更广泛。两者的具体用法如下:

1. 表示“(使)慢下来”“(使)减速”

(1) slow down的用例:

I put on the brakes and slowed the car down. 我踩下刹车降低车速。

The train slowed down as it went around the bend. 火车在转弯处减速了。

She slowed down her pace so I could keep up with her. 她放慢脚步好让我跟上她。

The train slowed down to a crawl as it approached the station. 火车进站时慢了下来。

You see drivers speeding up when they should be slowing down. 你可以看到有些司机在应该减速时却加速。

(2) slow up的用例:

The bus slowed up as it approached the junction. 公共汽车在驶近交叉路口时放慢了速度。

The roadworks are slowing the traffic up in the mornings. 道路施工使早上的交通迟缓下来。

2. 表示“(使某人)松弛”“(使发展)减缓”

(1) slow down的用例:

The economy has slowed down. 经济放缓了。

He looks ill, and he should slow down. 他看上去不太舒服,应该放松一下。

(2) slow up的用例:

Output has slowed (up) a little. 生产已放慢了一点。

They claim they can slow up the ageing process. 他们声称能够减缓老化的速度。

 

 

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