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nothing还是anything not

2017-03-25来源:和谐英语

nothing还是anything not   

有朋友在本站“答疑中心”询问该用 nothing 还是 anything not。问题见:  

www.hxen.net/guestbook/Guest_Reply.asp?TopicID=1775   

该问题由本站特约作者及专家顾问龙楠老师回答如下:  

按照你现在的理解思路,我估计:

你不太理解I know nothing about it. 因为你会对“知道 nothing”感到疑惑;

同样你也可能不太理解He learned nothing at school. 因为你会对“学到 nothing”感到疑惑;

同样你也可能不太理解He told me nothing. 因为你会对“告诉我 nothing”感到疑惑。

我说得对吗?但你要知道这些子都是非常正确且地道的表达。  

假我们把这些句子中的nohting改为not…anything,你可能就觉得可以理解了。如:  

I know nothing about it.=I don’t know anything about it.  

He learned nothing at school. = He didn’t learn anything at school.  

He told me nothing. = He didn’t tell me anything.  

以上改写都是成立的,因为 anything 是放在 not 的后面。  

注意英语有个习惯:any, anything, anyone, anybody  等只能放在否定词的后面,而不能将其放在否定词的前面,比如可以说 not…anything,但不能说 anything…not。所以下面第一句是“正”句,第二句是“误”句:  

正:Nothing taught by others can have the same effect on you as that learned by youself.  

误:Anything taught by others can't have the same effect on you as that learned by youself.  

同样的道理,以下各句的 nothing 也不能改为 anything…not:  

Nothing happened that night.  那天晚上没发生什么事。  

Nothing can travel faster than light. 什么东西也不如光走得快。  

Nothing can make up for the loss of a child.  什么也弥补不了失去孩子的痛苦。  

Nothing seemed to cure him of his nervousness.  好像什么都没法消除他的紧张。  

如不能说成:  

Anything didn’t happen that night.(误)  

Anything can’t travel faster than light.(误)  

Anything can’t make up for the loss of a child.(误)  

Anything didn’t seem to cure him of his nervousness.(误) 

更多正误句供参考:  

1. 谁也没有祝贺我生日快乐。  

误:Any one didn’t wish me a happy birthday.  

正:No one wished me a happy birthday.  

2. 没有人知道延误的原因。  

正:Nobody knew the reason for the delay.   

误:Anybody didn’t know the reason for the delay.  

3. 打那儿以后,就平安无事。  

正:Nothing has happened since then.   

误:Anything hasn’t happened since then.