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想当然出错的语法考题

2016-07-03来源:和谐英语

想当然出错的语法考题

1. When I entered, I found that she was reading _________ newspaper, with _________ in her eyes.

A. a, tear                      B. a piece of, tears

C. a, tears                    D. a piece of, tear

【解析】此题容易误选D,想当然地根据news(消息)和 paper(纸)均为不可数名词,推出newspaper(报纸)也是不可数名词;同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”,“水”不可数,“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。但非常有趣的是,newspaper(报纸)和 tear(眼泪)却是两个可数名词,如可说 a newspaper, two newspapers, a tear, two tears 等。注:若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待,也可用作不可数名词,如:Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。

2. Every minute should be made full use of _________ the lessons.

A. to study                B. study              C. studying         D. studied

【解析】此题容易误选C,认为介词后接动词时要用动名词。其实此题的正确答案是A,注意此句谓语为被动语态,假若将此句转换成主动语态,则是 We should make full use of every minute to study the lessons, 用的是 make use of … to do sth(利用……做某事)这一结构。另外,还有 make the most of (尽量利用),make the best of(尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请再看另外一例:

The only way that she thought of _________ enough money was to sell her hair.

A. get      B. to get      C. got       D. getting

答案应选B,而不是选D。句子主语是 the only way,that she thought of 是修饰主语的定语从句,不定式 to get enough money 也是修饰主语的定语,也就是说,句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。全句意为“她想到的弄到足够钱的唯一办法就是把自己的头发卖掉”。

3. “Is he a man with good manners?” “No, he is _________ but polite.”

A. anything            B. anyone          C. anybody          D. anywhere

【解析】此题容易误选B或C,因为句子主语指人,似乎只有B、C才与之一致。其实,正确答案应选A。因为 anything but 是习语,意为“根本不是”或“一点也不”,不仅可用于事物,也可用于人。如:

That old bridge is anything but safe. 那座桥一点也不安全。

My income is anything but large. 我的收入绝对不算多。

The fight is anything but finished. 战斗绝没有结束。

Her father was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。

Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。

4. The children all looked _________ at the broken model plane and felt quite _________.

A. sad, sad        B. sadly, sadly        C. sad, sadly         D. sadly, sad

【解析】此题容易误选A,想当然地认为 look 和 feel 均为连系动词,所以在其后接形容词作表语。其实,句中的 look 并不是连系动词,而是实义动词(注意与之搭配的介词 at),所以正确答案应是 D。请再看下面一道题:

We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _________, but we really don’t want him to smell _________.

A. well, well   B. bad, bad    C. well, badly   D. badly, bad

这是1995年一道上海高考题,此题最佳答案为D。第一个 smell 为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”,smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”;第二个 smell 为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”,smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。