高考英语语法考试分离型陷阱归纳

Generally speaking, ________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect

A. when taking           B. when taken          C. when to take               D. when to be take

【分析】此题正确答案为 B。考查分词短语作状语的用法，在这道试题中，我们所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是 the drug，所以用过去分词表被动。但在分词短语后有一插入语 according to the direction，增加了试题的难度。做这一类题目时，要学会抓住句子的主干，去掉枝叶，问题就迎刃而解。试看下面的例题：

(1) Everyone, in our hometown, men and women, old and young, ________ singing and dancing.

A. are fond of             B. enjoys                   C. go in for                  D. take part in

(2) The manager decided to give the job to ________ he believed had a strong sense of duty.

A. whomever              B. who                      C. whoever                  D. those

(3) John plays football ________, if not better than, David.

A. as well                   B. as good                  C. as well as               D. as good as 

第 (1) 题选B。主语是 everyone，其中 men and women, old and young 为插入语；第 (2) 题选 C。he believed 为插入语；第 (3) 题选C。这是一个比较句型，if not better than是插入语，也是一个省略形式的比较句型。

五、名词性从句分离陷阱

The news has come from the capital ________ an important meeting is to be held there.

A. where                     B. in which                      C. that                       D. which

【分析】此题很容易误选为 A 或B，原因是错把capital 作为先行词，误选 where 或 in which 在定语从句中作状语。而事实上，从句后面已经有状语 there。若选 D，则 which 在从句中做何成分无法认可，从而可以排除，故答案选C。实际上，这是以that引导的同位语从句，修饰名词the news。has come from the capital 插在中间，导致了同位语从句和它所说明的词分离，形成了干扰，使人容易误入陷阱。

注意：有些名词性从句与所解释说明的词之间会有词组、短语、或别的结构成分，使相关的部分隔离，这种语言现象，增加了试题的难度，只有识别结构，才能化难为易。请同学们看下面类似的例子(www.hxen.net)：

(1) Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while                         B. that                       C. when                      D. as

(2) The question came up at yesterday’s meeting ________ we had enough money for our research.

A. which                        B. if                           C. that                        D. whether

(3) The man will use what he has ________ a camera for his wife.

A. to get                         B. got                        C. had bought               D. buy

第 (1) 题的答案是B；第 (2) 题的答案为D；第 (3) 题的答案是A，此句中，what he has 是一个宾语从句，to get a camera for his wife 作目的状语。不能把空格前的 has 和选项got 视为有联系的意群。