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绝妙非谓语动词经典考题赏析

2016-06-26来源:和谐英语
6. Once your business becomes international, _________ constantly will be part of your life.

A. you fly                        B. your flight

C. flight                          D. flying

【赏析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词,这就说明不能选B或C,因为B、C均为名词,不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的,因为其中有动词 fly。但若选A,you fly 是一个主谓结构,与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突,所以只能选D,即动名词flying在此用作主语。

7. Not only should you get used _________ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention _________ your work well.

A. to work, to do           B. to working, to doing

C. to work, to doing       D. to working, to do

【赏析】正确答案为B,因为 get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词,不是不定式符号,故后接动词时要用动名词,不能用动词原形。类似地,以下各结构中的 to 也是介词,不是不定式符号,后接动词时也应用动名词,而不是动词原形:

look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事

be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事

object to doing sth反对做某事

stick to doing sth 坚持做某事

get down to doing sth 开始做某事

take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事

admit to doing 承认做了某事

pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事

devote one’s time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事

be equal to doing sth 等于做某事,能胜任做某事

What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样

8. “Do you have anything more _________, sir?” “No. You can have a rest or do something else.”

A. typing                           B. to be typed

C. typed                             D. to type

【赏析】此题容易误选D,根据 have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。其实,最佳答案是B。确实,在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义,如 I have some clothes to wash等,即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系,但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是,这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系,如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同,即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you来完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较:

Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗?你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗?

I’m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海,我随身要带很多东西去。