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与现在事实相反的虚拟语气

2017-01-23来源:和谐英语

与现在事实相反的虚拟语气

请看下面的题目:

If he was here,he __________ us how to do it.

A. told                        B. would tell                        C. had told                        D. have told

此题应选 B。该题考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气:此时条件从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句的谓语则要用 would (should,could,might)+动词原形:

If there were no subjective mood,English would be much easier. 要是没有虚拟语气,英语就会容易得多了。

If I knew his telephone number,I would ring him up. 我要是知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了。

在虚拟条件句,动词be的过去式通常用were(不管是单数还是复数),但在现代英语,单数情况也可以用was:(www.hxen.net)

We could ask him if he were [was] here. 他要是在 这里,我们就可以问问他了。

但是在某些表达(If I were you,as it were等)中,be只用were这一形式:

If I were you,I should go and see the doctor at once. 假若我是你,我会马上去看医生。

The sky is covered,as it were,with a black curtain. 天空好像是被黑幕遮住了似的。

有时在虚拟条件句也可能用 could,might 等,那多半是因为语义的需要:

If he could help you,he would help you. 要是他能够帮助你的话,他会帮助你的。