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英语语法详解:原因状语从句(四大点)

2011-07-13来源:和谐英语

英语语法详解:原因状语从句(四大点)

 

一、引导原因状语从句的从属连词

主要的有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that)等:

The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗得不得法而缩水。

I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈杂我睡不着。

Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱,我们无法购买它。

Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨,我们最好待在室内。

Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然来了,最好还是留下吧(既来之,则安之)。

【注】除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外,when有时也可引导原因状语从句(when表示“既然”):

I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。

 

二、关于 not…because 结构

该结构中的否定词有时否定主句,有时否定从句,一般要根据句子的意思作出正确或合乎逻辑的理解。若not否定主句,最好在because之前用逗号,否则会引起歧义,如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释:

I didn’t go because I was afraid. 我没有去是因为怕。/ 我不是因为怕才去。

不过若because之前有just修饰,一般认为not 是否定从句的:

You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。

 

三、because 习惯上不与 so 连用

汉语习惯上说“因为…所以…”,但英语习惯上却不能将 so 与 because 连用:

因为下雨,所以我们呆在家里。

正:Because it was raining, we stayed at home. / It was raining, so we stayed at home.

误:Because it was raining, so we stayed at home.

 

四、because 从句与 because of 短语的转换

Because引导的原因状语从句有时可与because of 短语转换:

He can’t come because he is ill. / He can’t come because of his illness. 他因病不能来。

I said nothing about it because his wife was there. / I said nothing about it because of his wife’s being there. 因为他妻子在那儿,我对此事只字未提。