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汉语叠词怎么翻才到位?

2012-01-12来源:同文译馆
5. 用have(or make,take,give,etc)+名词的结构翻译汉语动词重叠形式,所表达的作多为一次体或尝试体。此结构中的名词大多与动作动词有词源关系。例如:

你们只可以吓一吓他,可别把他打伤了。
You may well give him a fright,but be sure not wound him.

让敌人尝尝我们炮弹的味道。
Give the enemy a taste of our shells.

这东西需要检查检查。
It's necessary to have a check-up.

你们俩交换交换意见。
You two have an exchange of views.

6. 用英语的回声词(echo-word)翻译汉语的叠词。回声词通过间接摹声来象征语义、与汉语的一叠词颇类似,有很好的修辞效果,可表达叠词的'增义'或'强义'语意。

爱情在他们心里噗噗地跳。
Love pit-patted in their heart.

她是那么圆滚滚、矮墩墩的,我感到奇怪她怎么能动作迅速地捉到小鸟。
She was so round and rolly-l used to wonder how she ever moved fast enough to catch hold of a bird.

表演场地上让比赛车塞得满满的。
Exhibition floors were chock-a-block with racing and sports cars.

我们不得不零零星星的偿付。
We have to pay in dribs and drabs.

我们要求把事情完全摆在桌面上,而不是鬼鬼崇崇。
We wanted things to be completely above board and no hanky-panky.

那条小径曲曲折折通向山顶。
The path zigzags up the hill.

7. 采用英语头韵、押韵等来译,表达叠词的'增义'或'强义'语意。例如:

青青河畔草,郁郁园中柳。(古诗十九首)
Green grows the grass upon the bank,

The willow-shoots are long and lank,(HerbertA.Giles译)

寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚。(李清照:《声声慢》)
So dim, so dark, so dense, so dull, so damp, so dank, so dead.(林语堂译)

祝大家平平安安。
Wish all you safe and sound.

现在我的衣服干干净净,但过去我父亲却穿得破破烂烂。
My clothes are neat and clean,but my father's were worn and torn.

两家生活都被弄得颠颠倒倒,混乱不堪。
The lives two families are turned topsy-turvy.

我们听到雨夹雪打在冰冻的玻璃上的滴滴答答的声音。
We heard the tick-tack of sleet on frosted windowpanes.

8. 用加强语势的办法来翻译,表达'增义'或'强义'语意。例如:

星星之火,可以燎原。
A single spark can start a prairie fire.

科学是老老实实的学问,来不得半点虚假,需要付出艰巨的劳动。
Science means honest,solid knowledge,allowing not an iota of false-hood,and it involves Herculean efforts and grueling toil.

他们的房间暖烘烘的。
Their room was good and warm.

树阴底下凉凉爽爽。
It was nice and cool under the shade of a tree.

对待同志要满腔热忱,不能冷冷清清,漠不关心。
We should be warm towards our comrades,not ice cold and indifferent.

兹母手中线,游子身上衣。临行密密缝,意恐迟迟归。(孟郊:《游子吟》)
Thread from the hands of a doting mother. Worked into the clothes of a far-off journeying son. Before his departure,were the close,fine stitches set,Lest haply his return be long delayed,(Amy Lowell译)

9. 根据上下文,体味其意思,选择意义相近的词语,尽量译得传神些。例如:

土豪劣绅的小姐少奶奶的牙床上,也可以去滚一滚。
They even loll for a minute or two on the ivory-inlaid beds.

那是万万不行的。
That's absolutely out of the question.

我万万没有想到。
This idea never occurred to me.

鲜艳的五星红旗徐徐升起。
The bright Five-Star Red Flag slowly went up the pole.

路上的行人渐渐少了。
The number of pedestrians gradually dwindled.

家乡的景物处处使人想起了往事,许多往事可追溯到幼年时代。
The hometown was full of reminiscence,many going back to early childhood.