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也谈that和which的用法区别

2020-10-24来源:和谐英语


也谈thatwhich的用法区别

 

在定语从句中,关系代词 which 和 that 都可指物,一般情况下,可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意:

只能用that而不能用which的情形

(1)  当先行词为:all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。如:

There is nothing that will stop us making progress. 没有事情会阻止我们进步。

(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时,只能用that。如:

This is the only problem that we can’t work out. 这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。

(3) 当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。如:

This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。

(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用that。如:

Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. 人们认为我们所熟识的鲁迅及其作品都很伟大。

(5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,只能用that。如:

This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. 这就是那本自上周以来我一直在寻找的书。

(6)  当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时,只能用 that。如:

Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 你昨天画的那张画是哪一张?

只能用which而不能用that的情形

(1) 当非限制性定语从句中的先行词指物时,只能用 which。如:

The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. 那个铅笔盒,我上周买的,现在不见了。

(2) 关系代词前面有介词时,只能用which。如:

The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. 我们过去常在下面休息的那棵树已砍掉了。

(3) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时,只能用 which。如:

I don’t take that which is too expensive. 我不要太贵的那一个。