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现在分词being的语法功能及用法说明

2020-06-14来源:和谐英语


非谓语 动词being...结构的语法功能及用法说明

 

 

being 既可以是谓语动词,也可以是非谓语动词(传统语法中所谓的现在分词或动名词)。作为谓语动词,其用法比较简单,主要用于构成进行时态(含被动语态的进行时态);作为非谓语动词,其用法则比较复杂,可用于引出短语构成主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。

 

一、being 用作谓语动词

1. being 为助动词时的用法

当 being 为助动词时,用作谓语动词动词的 being 主要与过去分词连用,构成被动语态。如:

I'm always being criticized. 我总是挨批。

He is being interviewed now. 他现在正在接受面试。

He is being met at the station tonight. 今晚有人去车站迎接他。

2. being 为连系动词时的用法

当 being 为连系动词时,用作谓语动词动词的 being 主要与形容词连用,表示临时特征或暂时现象。如:

You’re being stupid. 你真傻。

You are not being very polite. 你可是不大客气呀。

Your brother is being very annoying this evening. 你兄弟今晚很烦人。

 

二、being 用作非谓语动词

1. being 为助动词时的用法

(1) being...结构作主语。如:

Being lost can be a terrifying experience. 迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。

Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous. 出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里,都会被人认出来。

(2) being...结构作宾语。如:

He can't stand being kept waiting. 让他等着,他可不干。

Do you like being stared at? 你愿意人家盯着你看吗?

(3) being...结构作宾语补足语。如:

I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看到他正被警察带走。

I found myself being drawn into another dreary argument. 我发现竟然身不由己又参与了一次无聊的争论。

It’s interesting (for children) to see a house being built. (孩子们)看造房子是挺有趣的事。

(4) being...结构作定语。如:

Did you see that boy being questioned by the police? 你看见那个男孩受到警察的盘问了吗?

We are going to reduce the number of trees being cut down. 我们要减少砍伐的树的数量。

(5) being...结构作状语。如:

Being given a chance, she immediately jumped at it. 给了她这个机会,她立刻抓住。

Being well taken care of, she recovered quickly. 她受到很好的照顾,身体恢复得很快。

注:有时 being 可带有自己的逻辑主语(构成独立主格结构)。如:

The question being settled, we went home. 问题解决之后,我们就回家了。

 

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