世卫组织称猴痘病毒可能会在全球传播

Back in the U.S., federal epidemiologists are monitoring the potential outbreak of monkeypox.

回到美国，联邦流行病学家正在监测可能爆发的猴痘。

Yeah. The number of suspected cases in the United States remains in the single digits.

是的。美国的疑似病例数量仍然是个位数。

But scientists are baffled about how this disease seems to be spreading to Europe and North America.

但是科学家们对这种疾病是如何传播到欧洲和北美感到困惑。

The World Health Organization warns it could travel around the globe.

世界卫生组织警告说，这种病毒可能会在全球传播。

So what is monkeypox? And how worried should we be?

那么什么是猴痘呢? 我们应该担心吗?

So the virus comes from animals.

这种病毒来自动物。

And it results in flu-like aches and fatigue, followed by a rash that develops pus-filled bumps.

猴痘会导致像流感一样的疼痛和疲劳，然后是皮疹，形成充满脓液的肿块。

The somewhat good news is the detected strain is a known West African one associated with a milder illness that lasts about two to four weeks.

好消息是，检测到的毒株是一种已知的西非毒株，与一种持续大约两到四周的较轻微疾病有关。

It's spread by skin-to-skin contact or droplets when you have prolonged face-to-face contact.

猴痘通过皮肤接触或长时间面对面接触时的飞沫传播。

You can also catch it from bedding or clothing contaminated by monkeypox sores.

你也可以从被猴痘溃疡污染的被褥或衣服上感染该疾病。

So there's not reason to panic at this point.

所以现在没有理由恐慌。

But be on guard for symptoms.

但要注意症状 。

You should seek medical treatment if you develop rashes, especially if you've traveled to a country where monkeypox has been detected, or if you had recent contact with someone with rashes.

如果你出现皮疹，特别是如果你去过发现猴痘的国家，或者如果你最近接触过患有皮疹的人，你应该寻求医学治疗。

OK. So what's unusual about this disease's recent emergence around the world?

好。这种疾病最近在世界各地的出现有什么不寻常之处呢?

Yeah. So what's unusual is that outbreaks are usually confined to western and central Africa.

不寻常的是，猴痘爆发通常局限于非洲西部和中部。

Now we're seeing infections in people who haven't traveled there.

现在我们发现没有去过那里的人也受到了感染。

That indicates a potential sustained human-to-human transmission outside of Africa that we haven't seen before.

这表明在非洲以外存在一种我们从未见过的潜在的持续人际传播。

Normally, it's transmitted by infected rodents or, occasionally, primates.

通常，这种病毒是通过受感染的啮齿动物传播的，偶尔也可以通过灵长类动物传播。

As of now, health authorities have detected about 100 cases of monkeypox around the globe, largely in Europe.

截至目前，卫生当局已在全球发现约100例猴痘病例，主要是在欧洲。

In the U.S., there's one confirmed case and several more suspected ones.

美国有1例确诊病例，还有几例疑似病例。

What's also unusual is the new cases have been concentrated among men who have sex with men, although it's not a sexually transmitted disease or known as a sexually transmitted disease.

尽管该病毒不是一种性传播疾病，也不被称为性传播疾病，但不寻常的是，新病例集中在男男性行为者中。

Experts say this trend could be a coincidental result of the virus first circulating in tightknit gay communities.

专家表示，这种趋势可能是一种巧合，因为病毒最初是在紧密联系的同性恋社区传播。

OK. So what do we know about treatment and prevention here?

好。 那么关于治疗和预防我们了解多少呢?

So because monkeypox and smallpox are closely related, the vaccines and the antivirals that are stockpiled for the potential return of smallpox are also licensed for use against monkeypox.

由于猴痘和天花密切相关，为预防天花可能卷土重来而储备的疫苗和抗病毒药物也获得了用于对抗猴痘的许可。

The vaccine can be administered soon after someone has been exposed to boost immunity and prevent serious illness.

这种疫苗可以在接触到病毒后不久接种，以提高免疫力以及预防严重疾病。

That's not like the way it is with coronavirus vaccines.

这与冠状病毒疫苗不同。

And that's because this disease has a long incubation period, usually one to two weeks.

这是因为这种疾病有很长的潜伏期，通常一到两周。

The other piece of good news is monkeypox is easy to spot and avoid because those rashes are so highly visible.

另一个好消息是，很容易发现和避免猴痘，因为这些皮疹非常明显。